Resistance-pile.



110.727,249. y .PATENTES MAY 5,1903. E. H. WISE.

RESISTANCE PILE.

APPL'IATIQN IILED MAY 12, 1902.

1m MODEL. a SHEETS-s112212 2.

No. 727,249. PATENTE'D MAY 51903.

E. E. WISE. l RESISTANCE PILE.

APPLICATION FILED MY 12, 1902.

N0 MODEL. 3 SHEETS-SHEET 3,

me Nonms sirens co.. Pwouuwm wAsuwnrm n UNITED STATES Patented May 5, 1903.

l'PATENT Ormes.

RESISTANCE-PILE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 727,249, dated May 5, 1903.

Application filed May 12, 1902. Serial No. 106,852. (No model.)

To all whom t may concern:

Be it known that I, EDGAR H. WISE, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of the borough of Westmont, in the county of Cambria and State of Pennsylvania,have invented new and useful Improvements in Resistance` Piles, of which the following is a specification;

My invention relates to resistance-piles for electrical controllers and other purposes.

As generally constructed heretofore resist-V ance-piles for electrical controllers and other purposes have employed a continuous wire possessing certain properties of resistance and wound spirally in a coil with or without a core or suitably arranged to provide for free radiation of heat incident to use and properly insulated. Such resistance-piles are more or less liable to derangement or ground, bulky, and inconvenient to handle, expensive, and if fused in whole or in part from sudden subjection to excessive currents or from other causes are either entirely ruined or rendered diflcult to repair.

One object of the present invention is the provision of an improved resistance-pile especially intended for use in connection with the type of electrical controllerpatented to me by United States Letters Patent No. 653,857,

dated July 17, 1900, though adapted for use in other connections, which will be compact, light, durable, cheap, and easy to manufacture, interchangeable, and convenient to handle, and in which liability of grounding and hazards of burning out or :injury or destruction from any cause will be reduced to a mini -could be employed if preferred.

mum.

Another object is to dispense with the use of a continuous or integral resistance, such'as wire, heretofore used in resistance-piles and provide an yimproved and novel resistance in which a maximum amount of resistance may be obtained in a minimum space, with vall concomitant advantageous effects and the added advantages aforesaid.

A further object is the provision in a resistance-pile of a compound resistance rnedium which will render possible the rapid and convenient removal of any damaged portion thereof without interference with the integrity and utility of the pile.

Another object is to provide a novel resistance-pile in which provision is made for wir- Qlamine or disks 5.

ing thereto, so that all or only a portion of the resistance of the pile may be utilized.

To accomplish the foregoing objects, I provide an improved and 4novel resistance-pile, the details of construction of which are set forth hereinafter, while the novelty embraced in the invention is recited in the appended claims.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure lis -an elevationof the resistance-pile, parts be- Fig. 6 is a face view of one of the end terminal plates. Fig. 7 is a face View of the mica of the end terminal plates. Fig. 8 is a face view of the intermediate terminal plate of Fig. 2. Fig. 9 is a diagrammatical viewillustrating the manner of Wiring a set of piles when usedin a controller. Fig. l0 is a detail View of afew of the metal resistance-disks and insulating-disks spread apart to illustrate how portions thereof overlap.

The core of the resistance-pile consists of an iron or steel rod l, square in cross-section, as at 2, throughout its length, except at its ends 3, where it is screw-threaded. The squared portion 2 is incased in several layers of mica 4, though other insulating material The resistance proper is composed of metal These will preferably be of sheet metal and of circular shape, and they are provided at their centers with square apertures 6 of a size to fit snugly, yet easily, on the mica covering 4, embracing the squared portion 2 of rod 1, which prevents them from turning or shifting. Each metal disk 5 is providedwith a slit or cut,7, preferably made as a continuation of one side of aperture 6 and extending to the outer margin of the disk. The disks or laminze are so arranged or assembled on the core l 'that the slit or cut 7 of one disk is disposed a quadrants distance or ninety degrees circuinferentially from the next succeeding disk, and so on from one end IOOV of the pile to the other. Interposed between adjacent disks is an insulating mediumpref erablyadisk 8,.ofasbestos,with similarsquare opening at the center to embrace the squared portion 2 of the core, and these asbestos disks are slit or cut at 9 in a manner similar in all respects to slitting of the metal disks 5, except that the slit of the asbestos disks 8 is made at right angles to the slit of the metal disk 5, and the substantially sector-shaped portions 10 and 11 of the metal disk aud asbestos disk 8, respectively, are overlapped, in consequence of which all portions of one metal disk or laminze 5 are insulated from a succeeding metal disk 5, except the sector portion 10, which bears directly against the succeeding metal disk 5 a quadrants distance from the slit or cut of that succeeding disk. It will be understood from the `foregoing description that the current passing pile-make direct contact with their entire.

faces with the metal terminal plates l2, which have a central aperture or perforation 13 to receive the core or rod 1, and then are provided with elongated wire connectors or binding-posts 14, two being employed by preference and disposed substantially longitudinally at the ends of a diameter of the terminal plate. Disposed between these wire connectors and lying iiat against the terminal plates are the insulating` media 15, mica being preferred, through which the threaded ends 3 of the rod 1 project. On the ends of the rod and lying against the mica 15 are insulating-bushings 16, of, fiber or molded mica, while 17 are clamping-nuts for clamping the pile together, and 18 are fastening-nuts for securing the pile in the controller or other place where used.

In order that less than the entire resistance of the pile may be used, according to requirements, I prefer to employ one or more intermediate terminal plates 19 on the rod 1 and located between the uninsulated faces of two of the disks 5. Such terminal plates will have wire connectors 2O and 21 on opposite sides and suitably notched at 22 to facilitate connection to the Wires. The metal and insulating laminze are by preference coated ex:

teriorly with insulating-paint.

in a hole in the bottom insulating-board and the nut 18 on that end backed up, which will push the upper end of the rod into the hole in the upper insulating-board, and the nuts will lock the pile tightlyin position.

In Fig. 9 I have illustrated diagrammatically the manner in which, say, six (the usual number employed in my controller) of the ypiles can be wired to the connecting-board, thus permitting the utilization of one or more of the piles or a portion of any pile, from which the advantage of making provision for using only a portion ot' the resistance of a pile will be apparent.

Having fully described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. Aresistance-pilecomprisingalternatelyarranged members of conducting and nonconducting material, said members slitted from the center to the outer edge and the end of one-member extending through the slit of the other whereby said ends overlap in reverse position from that of their remaining portions.

2. Aresistance-pile comprisingalternatelyarranged members of conducting and nonconducting material, said members slitted from the center to the outer edge and the end of one member extending through the slit of the other whereby said ends overlap in reverse position from that of their remaining portions, said reversely-overlapped pairs of ends spirally arranged with relation to one another.

3. A resistance-pile composed of a plurality of alternately-arranged perfectly-flat disks of conducting and non-conducting material, said disks so displaced and disposed at certain parts that a portion of one is in the plane of the other.

4. A resistance-pile composed of a plurality of alternately-arranged perfectly-dat disks of conducting and non-conducting material, said disks so displaced and disposed at certain parts that a portion of one is in the plane of the other, said reversely-juxtaposed portions of the pairs of disks arranged spirally.

5. A resistance-pile composed of disks of conducting and non-conducting material alternately arranged, said disks each having a central opening, and a slit extending therefrom to the periphery, the disks crossing each other through these slits.

6. A resistance -pile composed of alternately-arran ged disks of conducting and nonconducting material, these disks perfectly flat and portions thereof crossed into each others planes, whereby portions of disks of the same material are in contact with each other. l

7. A resistance -pile composed of altermately-arranged disks of conducting and insulating material, these disks perfectly flat and portions thereof crossed into each others planes, whereby portions of disks of the same material are in contact with each other, and

IOO

IIO

means for applying pressure inwardly upon the disks whereby they are held rigidly together and in intimate contact with one another.

8. A resistance-pile consisting of a resistance made up of sections or members and interposed insulating sections or members, said resistance members having overlapping portions and the overlapping portions of the resistance members being in direct electrical contact with adjacent resistance members and in spiral arrangement around a center.

9. A resistance-pile consisting of a resistance made up of disks or laminae and interposed insulating-disks or laminae, said resistance and insulating disks or laminse being slit or cut inwardly from their peripheries, providing tongues or portions and said tongues or portions of the resistance-disks and insulating-disks overlapping and the overlapping tongues or portions on the resistance-disks being in electrical contact with adjacent resistance-disks in spiral arrangement.

l0. A resistance-pile consisting of a resistance made up of disks or laminze and interposed insulating disks orlaminze, said resistance and insulating disks or lamin being slit or cut inwardly from their peripheries, providing tongues or portions and said tongues or portions of the resistance-disks and insulating-disks overlapping, and the overlapping tongues or portions on the resistan ce-disks being in electrical contact with adjacent resistance-disks, said tongues or portions on succeeding disks or laminze of the series being arranged at different points circumferentially in a progressive manner, whereby the current traversing the resistance-disks approximates a spiral path.

1l. A resistance-pile, consisting of a core or rod, and a resistance composed of disks or laminae strung on said core and held against turning or shifting thereon, their contacts arranged spirally around a core.

l2. A resistance-pile consisting of a core or rod, and a resistance composed of disks or laminze, provided with apertures corresponding to the conformation of the core or rods strung thereon, whereby they are prevented from turning or shifting on the rod or core, the contacts of these disks arranged spirally.

13. A resistance-pile, consisting of a core or rod, a resistance composed of disks or laminae strung in said rod and held against turning or shifting thereon, and insulating disks or laminae strung on the rod or core and interposed between the resistance disks or laminae said resistance-disks and insulatingdisks having overlapping portions whereby adjacent resistance-disks make electrical contact with each other in a spiral arrangement and continuity of said contact is preserved.

In testimony whereof I have signed this specification in the presence of two subscribing Witnesses.

EDGAR H. WISE.

I/Vitnesses:

STONE EDELEN, HERBERT LUEBBERT. 

